DataSHIELD: mitigating disclosure risk in a multi-site federated analysis platform

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Avraam, Demetris, Wilson, Rebecca C ORCID: 0000-0003-2294-593X, Aguirre Chan, Noemi, Banerjee, Soumya, Bishop, Tom RP, Butters, Olly ORCID: 0000-0003-0354-8461, Cadman, Tim, Cederkvist, Luise, Duijts, Liesbeth, Escribà Montagut, Xavier et al (show 24 more authors) , Garner, Hugh, Gonçalves, Gonçalo, González, Juan R, Haakma, Sido, Hartlev, Mette, Hasenauer, Jan, Huth, Manuel, Hyde, Eleanor, Jaddoe, Vincent WV, Marcon, Yannick, Mayrhofer, Michaela Th, Molnar-Gabor, Fruzsina, Morgan, Andrei Scott, Murtagh, Madeleine, Nestor, Marc, Nybo Andersen, Anne-Marie, Parker, Simon, Pinot de Moira, Angela, Schwarz, Florian, Strandberg-Larsen, Katrine, Swertz, Morris A, Welten, Marieke, Wheater, Stuart and Burton, Paul (2024) DataSHIELD: mitigating disclosure risk in a multi-site federated analysis platform Bioinformatics Advances, 5 (1). vbaf046-. ISSN 2635-0041, 2635-0041

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Abstract

Abstract Motivation The validity of epidemiologic findings can be increased using triangulation, i.e. comparison of findings across contexts, and by having sufficiently large amounts of relevant data to analyse. However, access to data is often constrained by practical considerations and by ethico-legal and data governance restrictions. Gaining access to such data can be time-consuming due to the governance requirements associated with data access requests to institutions in different jurisdictions. Results DataSHIELD is a software solution that enables remote analysis without the need for data transfer (federated analysis). DataSHIELD is a scientifically mature, open-source data access and analysis platform aligned with the ‘Five Safes’ framework, the international framework governing safe research access to data. It allows real-time analysis while mitigating disclosure risk through an active multi-layer system of disclosure-preventing mechanisms. This combination of real-time remote statistical analysis, disclosure prevention mechanisms, and federation capabilities makes DataSHIELD a solution for addressing many of the technical and regulatory challenges in performing the large-scale statistical analysis of health and biomedical data. This paper describes the key components that comprise the disclosure protection system of DataSHIELD. These broadly fall into three classes: (i) system protection elements, (ii) analysis protection elements, and (iii) governance protection elements. Availability and implementation Information about the DataSHIELD software is available in https://datashield.org/ and https://github.com/datashield.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	46 Information and Computing Sciences, 48 Law and Legal Studies, 4604 Cybersecurity and Privacy, Patient Safety, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD), Prevention, Generic health relevance
Divisions:	Faculty of Health & Life Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Population Health
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	11 Apr 2025 10:28
Last Modified:	15 May 2026 21:24
DOI:	10.1093/bioadv/vbaf046
Open Access URL:	https://doi.org/10.1093/bioadv/vbaf046
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3191352
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