Swales, Harry, Batchelor, Daniel J 
ORCID: 0000-0003-0141-9711, Bodnárová, Tereza, Kent, Andrew, Campbell, Susan, Gow, Adam G, Kuijlaars, Margaux, Noble, Peter‐John M, Threlfall, Anna, Silvestrini, Paolo et al (show 3 more authors)
(2025)
A Multicenter Observational Study Comparing Survival of Pugs and Dogs of Other Breeds With Protein‐Losing Enteropathy
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 39 (3).
e70100-.
ISSN 0891-6640, 1939-1676
Abstract
ABSTRACTBackgroundProtein‐losing enteropathy (PLE) in dogs often carries a guarded prognosis, and it is unclear if survival differs among breeds.Hypothesis/ObjectivesSurvival of pugs with PLE is shorter than that of other breeds of dogs with PLE.AnimalsForty‐seven pugs and 148 dogs of other breeds were diagnosed with PLE at seven United Kingdom (UK) referral hospitals.MethodsRetrospective, multicenter observational study. Case records were reviewed to identify dogs diagnosed with PLE. Cox's proportional hazards regression was used to determine variables associated with survival.ResultsMedian (interquartile range) survival in pugs with PLE and dogs of other breeds was 104 (22–719) days and 759 (61–1632) days, respectively (p = 0.002). The hazard of death was higher in pugs (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.961; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.108–3.741; p = 0.002) than in other dogs. Neutrophil counts in peripheral blood were associated with an increased hazard of death (HR change per 1 × 109/L: 1.045; 95% CI: 1.014–1.077; p = 0.004), whereas cobalamin concentration (HR: 0.995; 95% CI: 0.991–0.999) and cobalamin supplementation (HR: 0.517; 95% CI: 0.271–0.988) were positively associated with decreased hazard of death. A time‐dependent effect on survival was identified for serum globulin concentrations, whereby globulin concentration was positively associated with hazard of death in dogs surviving 61–959 days (HR: 1.126; 95% CI: 1.040–1.219) and > 959 days (1.253; 95% CI: 1.048–1.497), but not 0–60 days (HR: 0.949; 95% CI: 0.891–1.011 days).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceResults of our observational study suggest a worse prognosis for pugs with PLE compared to a selection of dogs of other breeds seen at UK referral centers.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | chronic enteropathy, chronic inflammatory enteropathy, diarrhea, enteropathy, inflammatory bowel disease, lymphangiectasia, PLE |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health & Life Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Life Courses & Medical Sciences Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Infection, Vet & Ecological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 23 May 2025 12:34 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Apr 2026 12:42 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/jvim.70100 |
| Open Access URL: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70100 |
| Related Websites: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3192884 |
| Disclaimer: | The University of Liverpool is not responsible for content contained on other websites from links within repository metadata. Please contact us if you notice anything that appears incorrect or inappropriate. |
Altmetric
Altmetric