How Does Firms’ Artificial Intelligence Adoption Affect Different Stakeholders? A Systematic Review and the AIMS Framework

Lin, M ORCID: 0009-0009-7638-8295 and Lam, HKS ORCID: 0000-0002-4674-6145 (2026) How Does Firms’ Artificial Intelligence Adoption Affect Different Stakeholders? A Systematic Review and the AIMS Framework IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 73 (99). pp. 832-846. ISSN 0018-9391, 1558-0040

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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly adopted by firms for different organizational purposes. While such AI adoption is expected to affect firm performance, it may also have different effects on firms’ stakeholders, such as employees, shareholders, and customers. To provide a more comprehensive understanding of the stakeholder implications of AI adoption, we conduct a systematic review of 84 relevant papers published in business journals over the past eight years (2017–2024). Our review suggests that firms’ AI adoption does have different, sometimes conflicting, effects on different stakeholder groups. We also uncover several limitations of the extant literature and develop an integrative AI Impacts Multiple Stakeholders (AIMS) framework that summarizes important directions for future research. Our AIMS framework emphasizes the need to consider underexplored stakeholder groups, such as suppliers and competitors, as well as the trade-offs and dynamics among different stakeholder groups induced by AI adoption. Our framework also encourages future research to move beyond examining the direct impact of AI adoption on stakeholders by investigating when (contextual factors) and why (underlying mechanisms) AI adoption affects stakeholders, thereby advancing the literature on AI–stakeholder relationships. Finally, we discuss the implications for future operations management research, encouraging scholars to adopt a supply chain perspective to study the stakeholder implications of firms’ AI adoption.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Artificial intelligence, Stakeholders, Systematic literature review, Technological innovation, Medical services, Service robots, Human intelligence, Machine learning, Innovation management, Industries, Artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, stakeholder theory, systematic literature review, the AI Impacts Multiple Stakeholders (AIMS) framework
Divisions:	Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences > School of Management Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences > Faculty of Humanities & Social Sci (All T&R Staff) Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences > School of Management > School of Management (T&R Staff) Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences > School of Management > Operations and Supply Chain Management
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	15 Dec 2025 08:28
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2026 15:25
DOI:	10.1109/TEM.2025.3646221
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3196120
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