Differential vascular dysfunction in response to diets of differing macronutrient composition: a phenomenonological study

Fatani, Sameer, Pickavance, Lucy C, Sadler, Claire J, Harrold, Joanne A ORCID: 0000-0002-0899-4586, Cassidy, Roslyn, Wilding, John PH ORCID: 0000-0003-2839-8404 and Naderali, Ebrahim K (2007) Differential vascular dysfunction in response to diets of differing macronutrient composition: a phenomenonological study NUTRITION & METABOLISM, 4 (1). 15-. ISSN 1743-7075, 1743-7075

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Abstract

Background. Vascular dysfunction can develop from consumption of an energy-rich diet, even prior to the onset of obesity. However, the roles played by different dietary components remain uncertain. While attempting to develop models of obesity in a separate study, we observed that two high-energy diets of differing macronutrient compositions affected vascular function differently in overweight rats. Methods. Male Wistar rats (n = 6/group) were fed diets providing varying percentages of energy from fat and carbohydrate (CHO). For 10 weeks, they were fed either chow, as control diet (10% of energy from fat; 63% from CHO), chow supplemented with chocolate biscuit (30% fat; 56% CHO) or a high-fat diet (45% fat; 35% CHO). Blood concentrations of biochemical markers of obesity were measured, and epididymal fat pads weighed as a measure of adiposity. Mesenteric arteries were dissected and their contractile and relaxant properties analysed myographically. Data were tested by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results. Weight gain and plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and leptin were similar in all groups. However, biscuit-fed animals showed increased food intake (+27%; p < 0.01) and elevated concentrations of TGs and NEFAs (+41% and +17%; both p < 0.05). High-fat-fed animals showed an increase only in NEFAs (+38%; p < 0.01). Arterial vasoconstriction in response to NA and KCl increased only in biscuit-fed rats (both p < 0.01), while vasorelaxation in response to CCh and SNP, but not histamine, was attenuated in both groups (both p < 0.01). Furthermore, whereas the effect of the high-fat diet was most pronounced in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, the biscuit diet had the greater effect on endothelium-independent vasorelaxation. Conclusion. Vascular dysfunction resulting from consumption of a high-fat or combined relatively high-fat/high-CHO diet occurs through different physiological processes, which may be attributable to their differing macronutrient compositions. Combining potentially atherogenic macronutrients induces more extensive vascular impairment than that of high-fat alone, and may be attributable to the more marked dyslipidaemia observed with such a diet. Thus, these findings help clarify the role of dietary components in vascular impairment, which has implications for clinical approaches to preventing cardiovascular disease. © 2007 Fatani et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	6 pages (page numbers not for citation purposes). Published: 14 June 2007.
Uncontrolled Keywords:	32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 3210 Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition, Obesity, Cardiovascular, Prevention, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention, Metabolic and endocrine, Cardiovascular
Subjects:	?? Q1 ?? ?? R1 ??
Divisions:	Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Systems, Molec & Integrative Biology > Inst. Systems, Molec & Integrative Biology Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Population Health Faculty of Health & Life Sciences > Inst. Infection, Vet & Ecological Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	06 Jun 2008 12:16
Last Modified:	16 Jun 2026 04:24
DOI:	10.1186/1743-7075-4-15
Publisher's Statement :	© 2007 Fatani et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Related Websites:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/697
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