The development of novel surface modifications for use in a skeletal regeneration system



Fawcett, Sandra
The development of novel surface modifications for use in a skeletal regeneration system. Doctor of Philosophy thesis, University of Liverpool.

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Abstract

Non-union fractures are defined as fractures that do not heal after 6 months of conventional treatment. They usually require multiple surgical treatments, autologous bone grafts or treatments with growth factors or Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). There is a clinical need for a material which can be used to replace autologous bone transplantation in the treatment non-union fractures that negates the problems associated with autologous grafts. This thesis aims to consider and develop a coating that can be used on a readily available polymer biomaterial to induce a response from mesenchymal stem cells, which are found in abundance at fracture sites, and facilitate repair by their differentiation into osteogenic cells. The use of a synthetic chemical coating rather than a growth factor or peptide aims to cause similar effects at a greatly reduced cost Plasma application techniques were used initially to screen potential terminal groups on a 3D system. Amine groups were found to be osteogenic (which was confirmed by positive Von Kossa and Alizarin red staining), and hydroxyl groups were found to be chondrocytic (which was confirmed by positive Van Geison and Alcian blue staining). The osteogenic effect of the amine group was investigated further, but in the form of silane SAMs, which were more easily definable. The presentation of the terminal group was investigated using varying carbon chain length, to see if this had an effect on osteogenicity) This was explored using both MSC and primary osteoblast-like cell models on glass initially, then on PLGA films and finally a 3D PLGA system. The results of this showed positive expression of osteogenic markers for the MSC and osteoblast-like cells when on glass and PLGA films. There was an expression of the osteogenic marker osteocalcin and a positive mineralisation stain (Von Kossa) at 7 days. This effect however was not transferred to a 3D platform as further optimisation will be required to achieve this goal-an essential progression on the way to the development of an injectable 3D system suitable for clinical application.

Item Type: Thesis (Doctor of Philosophy)
Additional Information: Date: 2013-09 (completed)
Uncontrolled Keywords: Surface modifications, stem cells regenerative medicine
Subjects: ?? QP ??
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 28 May 2014 15:39
Last Modified: 16 Dec 2022 04:42
DOI: 10.17638/00018293
Supervisors:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/18293