Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro

Rubio-Martinez, LM, Rioja, E, Martins, M Castro, Wipawee, S, Clegg, P ORCID: 0000-0003-0632-0032 and Peffers, MJ ORCID: 0000-0001-6979-0440 (2017) Local anaesthetics or their combination with morphine and/or magnesium sulphate are toxic for equine chondrocytes and synoviocytes in vitro. BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH, 13 (1). 318-.

Text Magnesium manuscript_BMC_revision2 (1).docx - Author Accepted Manuscript Download (180kB)

Abstract

<h4>Background</h4>Chondrotoxic effects of local anaesthetics are well reported in humans and some animal species but knowledge on their toxic effects on synoviocytes or equine chondrocytes or the effects on cellular production of inflammatory cytokines is limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of local anaesthetics, morphine, magnesium sulphate (MgSO₄) or their combinations on cell viability and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression of equine synoviocytes and chondrocytes. Equine synoviocytes and cartilage explants harvested from normal joints in a co-culture system were exposed to mepivacaine (4.4 mg/ml), bupivacaine (2.2 mg/ml), morphine (2.85 mg/ml) and MgSO₄ (37 mg/ml) alone or each local anaesthetic plus morphine or MgSO₄ or both together. Chondrocyte and synoviocyte cell viability was assessed by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay. Synoviocyte gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α was measured and compared using the ∆∆CT method.<h4>Results</h4>Morphine alone, MgSO₄ alone or their combination did not alter cell viability or the expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO₄ reduced cell viability and increased the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6 or TNF-α. Single short exposure to local anaesthetics is toxic to both chondrocytes and synoviocytes and their combination with morphine and/or MgSO₄ enhanced the cytotoxic effects.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This in vitro study gives further evidence of the absence of cytotoxic effects of morphine alone, MgSO₄ alone or their combination on normal articular tissues. However, local anaesthetics alone or in combination with morphine and/or MgSO₄ have cytotoxic effects on equine articular tissues.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Local anaesthetic, Morphine, Magnesium sulphate, Chondrocyte, Synoviocyte, Equine
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	28 Nov 2017 07:41
Last Modified:	19 Jan 2023 06:49
DOI:	10.1186/s12917-017-1244-8
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3013028