Psychoradiological patterns of small-world properties and a systematic review of connectome studies of patients with 6 major psychiatric disorders

Suo, Xueling, Lei, Du, Li, Lei, Li, Wenbin, Dai, Jing, Wang, Song, He, Manxi, Zhu, Hongyan, Kemp, Graham J ORCID: 0000-0002-8324-9666 and Gong, Qiyong (2018) Psychoradiological patterns of small-world properties and a systematic review of connectome studies of patients with 6 major psychiatric disorders. JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE, 43 (6). pp. 416-427.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND:Brain connectome research based on graph theoretical analysis shows that small-world topological properties play an important role in the structural and functional alterations observed in patients with psychiatric disorders. However, the reported global topological alterations in small-world properties are controversial, are not consistently conceptualized according to agreed-upon criteria, and are not critically examined for consistent alterations in patients with each major psychiatric disorder. METHODS:Based on a comprehensive PubMed search, we systematically reviewed studies using noninvasive neuroimaging data and graph theoretical approaches for 6 major psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia, major depressive disorder (MDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Here, we describe the main patterns of altered small-world properties and then systematically review the evidence for these alterations in the structural and functional connectome in patients with these disorders. RESULTS:We selected 40 studies of schizophrenia, 33 studies of MDD, 5 studies of ADHD, 5 studies of BD, 7 studies of OCD and 5 studies of PTSD. The following 4 patterns of altered small-world properties are defined from the perspectives of segregation and integration: "regularization," "randomization," "stronger small-worldization" and "weaker small-worldization." Although more differences than similarities are noted in patients with these disorders, a prominent trend is the structural regularization versus functional randomization in patients with schizophrenia. LIMITATIONS:Differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, preprocessing steps and analytical methods can produce contradictory results, increasing the difficulty of integrating results across different studies. CONCLUSION:Four psychoradiological patterns of altered small-world properties are proposed. The analysis of altered small-world properties may provide novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders from a connectomic perspective. In future connectome studies, the global network measures of both segregation and integration should be calculated to fully evaluate altered small-world properties in patients with a particular disease.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Serious Mental Illness, Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Schizophrenia, Mental Health, Mental health, 3 Good Health and Well Being, Connectome, Humans, Mental Disorders, Neural Pathways, Neuroimaging
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	18 Sep 2018 09:59
Last Modified:	12 Apr 2024 01:57
DOI:	10.1503/jpn.170214
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3026307