Clinical and Financial Implications of Medicine Consumption Patterns at a Leading Referral Hospital in Kenya to Guide Future Planning of Care



Kivoto, Patrick M, Mulaku, Mercy, Ouma, Charles, Ferrario, Alessandra, Kurdi, Amanj, Godman, Brian ORCID: 0000-0001-6539-6972 and Oluka, Margaret
(2018) Clinical and Financial Implications of Medicine Consumption Patterns at a Leading Referral Hospital in Kenya to Guide Future Planning of Care. FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY, 9. 1348-.

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Abstract

<b>Background:</b> Medicines can constitute up to 70% of total health care budgets in developing countries as well as considerable expenditure in hospitals. Inventory management techniques can assist with managing resources efficiently. In Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), a leading hospital in Kenya, over 30% of expenditure is currently allocated to medicines, and this needs to be optimally managed. <b>Objective:</b> To investigate drug consumption patterns, their costs and morbidity patterns at KNH in recent years. <b>Methodology:</b> Cross-sectional retrospective record review. Inventory control techniques, ABC (Always, Better, and Control), VEN (Vital, Essential, and Non-essential) and ABC-VEN matrix analyses were used to study drug expenditure patterns. Morbidity data was extracted from the Medical Records. <b>Results:</b> Out of an average of 811 medicine types procured annually (ATC 5), 80% were formulary drugs and 20% were non-formulary. Class A medicines constituted 13.2-14.2% of different medicines procured each year but accounted for an average of 80% of total annual drug expenditure. Class B medicines constituted 15.9-17% of all the drugs procured yearly but accounted for 15% of the annual expenditure, whilst Class C medicines constituted 70% of total medicines procured but only 5% of the total expenditure. Vital and Essential medicines consumed the highest percentage of drug expenditure. ABC-VEN categorization showed that an average of 31% of medicine types consumed an average of 85% of total drug expenditure. Therapeutic category and Morbidity patterns analysis showed a mismatch between drug expenditure and morbidity patterns in over 85% of the categories. <b>Conclusion:</b> Class A medicines are few but consume the largest proportion of hospital drug expenditure. Vital and essential items account for the highest drug expenditure, and need to be carefully managed. ABC-VEN categorization identified medicines where major savings could potentially be made helped by Therapeutic category and Morbidity pattern analysis. There was a high percentage of non-formulary items, which needs to be addressed. Inventory control techniques should be applied routinely to optimize medicine use within available budgets especially in low and middle income countries.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: ABC analysis, VEN analysis, medicines, hospitals, expenditure, Kenya
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 26 Feb 2019 10:48
Last Modified: 19 Jan 2023 01:01
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01348
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3033427