Nutrient sensing of gut luminal environment



Moran, Andrew ORCID: 0000-0003-0031-2154, Daly, Kristian ORCID: 0000-0002-1075-1831, Al-Rammahi, miran ORCID: 0000-0002-0165-7990 and Shirazi-Beechey, Soraya
(2021) Nutrient sensing of gut luminal environment. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 80 (1). pp. 29-36.

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Abstract

Sensing of nutrients by chemosensory cells in the gastrointestinal tract plays a key role in transmitting food-related signals, linking information about the composition of ingested foods to digestive processes. In recent years, a number of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) responsive to a range of nutrients have been identified. Many are localised to intestinal enteroendocrine (chemosensory) cells, promoting hormonal and neuronal signalling locally, centrally and to the periphery. The field of gut sensory systems is relatively new and still evolving. Despite huge interest in these nutrient-sensing GPCR, both as sensors for nutritional status and targets for preventing the development of metabolic diseases, major challenges remain to be resolved. However, the gut expressed sweet taste receptor, resident in L-enteroendocrine cells and responsive to dietary sweetener additives, has already been successfully explored and utilised as a therapeutic target, treating weaning-related disorders in young animals. In addition to sensing nutrients, many GPCR are targets for drugs used in clinical practice. As such these receptors, in particular those expressed in L-cells, are currently being assessed as potential new pathways for treating diabetes and obesity. Furthermore, growing recognition of gut chemosensing of microbial-produced SCFA acids has led further attention to the association between nutrition and development of chronic disorders focusing on the relationship between nutrients, gut microbiota and health. The central importance of gut nutrient sensing in the control of gastrointestinal physiology, health promotion and gut–brain communication offers promise that further therapeutic successes and nutritional recommendations will arise from research in this area.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Nutrient sensing, Enteroendocrine cell, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, calcium-sensing receptor, cholecystokinin, enteroendocrine cell, gastrointestinal, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide, glucagon-like peptide, G protein-coupled receptors, peptide YY, sodium glucose co-transporter isoform 1, secretin tumour cell line, taste 1 family receptor
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 26 Aug 2020 09:12
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2023 23:36
DOI: 10.1017/S0029665120007120
Open Access URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665120007120
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URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3098912

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