Short-Term Physical Inactivity Induces Endothelial Dysfunction



Davies, Kelly A Bowden, Norman, Juliette A, Thompson, Andrew ORCID: 0000-0002-7087-9415, Mitchell, Katie L, Harrold, Joanne A ORCID: 0000-0002-0899-4586, Halford, Jason CG ORCID: 0000-0003-1629-3189, Wilding, John PH ORCID: 0000-0003-2839-8404, Kemp, Graham J ORCID: 0000-0002-8324-9666, Cuthbertson, Daniel J ORCID: 0000-0002-6128-0822 and Sprung, Victoria S ORCID: 0000-0002-2666-4986
(2021) Short-Term Physical Inactivity Induces Endothelial Dysfunction. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY, 12. 659834-.

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Abstract

<h4>Objective</h4>This study examined the effects of a short-term reduction in physical activity, and subsequent resumption, on metabolic profiles, body composition and cardiovascular (endothelial) function.<h4>Design</h4>Twenty-eight habitually active (≥10,000 steps/day) participants (18 female, 10 male; age 32 ± 11 years; BMI 24.3 ± 2.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) were assessed at baseline, following 14 days of step-reduction and 14 days after resuming habitual activity.<h4>Methods</h4>Physical activity was monitored throughout (SenseWear Armband). Endothelial function (flow mediated dilation; FMD), cardiorespiratory fitness ( V . ⁢ O 2 peak) and body composition including liver fat (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were determined at each assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way within subject's ANOVA; data presented as mean (95% CI).<h4>Results</h4>Participants decreased their step count from baseline by 10,111 steps/day (8949, 11,274; <i>P</i> < 0.001), increasing sedentary time by 103 min/day (29, 177; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Following 14 days of step-reduction, endothelial function was reduced by a 1.8% (0.4, 3.3; <i>P</i> = 0.01) decrease in FMD. Following resumption of habitual activity, FMD increased by 1.4%, comparable to the baseline level 0.4% (-1.8, 2.6; <i>P</i> = 1.00). Total body fat, waist circumference, liver fat, whole body insulin sensitivity and cardiorespiratory fitness were all adversely affected by 14 days step-reduction (<i>P</i> < 0.05) but returned to baseline levels following resumption of activity.<h4>Conclusion</h4>This data shows for the first time that whilst a decline in endothelial function is observed following short-term physical inactivity, this is reversed on resumption of habitual activity. The findings highlight the need for public health interventions that focus on minimizing time spent in sedentary behavior.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function, insulin resistance, liver fat, physical activity, sedentary behavior
Divisions: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Population Health
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 12 May 2021 08:17
Last Modified: 13 Feb 2024 18:12
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.659834
Open Access URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys...
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3122343