Nerve Impulses Have Three Interdependent Functions: Communication, Modulation, and Computation

Winlow, William ORCID: 0000-0001-9465-802X and Johnson, Andrew S (2021) Nerve Impulses Have Three Interdependent Functions: Communication, Modulation, and Computation. BIOELECTRICITY, 3 (3). pp. 161-170.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/bioe.2021.0001

Abstract

Comprehending the nature of action potentials is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning of nervous systems in general. Here we consider their evolution and describe their functions of communication, modulation and computation within nervous systems. The ionic mechanisms underlying action potentials in the squid giant axon were first described by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952 and their findings have formed our orthodox view of how the physiological action potential functions. However, substantial evidence has now accumulated to show that the action potential is accompanied by a synchronized coupled soliton pressure pulse in the cell membrane, the action potential pulse (APPulse). Here we explore the interactions between the soliton and the ionic mechanisms known to be associated with the action potential. Computational models of the action potential usually describe it as a binary event, but we suggest that it is quantum ternary event known as the computational action potential (CAP), whose temporal fixed point is threshold, rather than the rather plastic action potential peak used in other models. The CAP accompanies the APPulse and the Physiological action potential. Therefore, we conclude that nerve impulses appear to be an ensemble of three inseparable, interdependent, concurrent states: the physiological action potential, the APPulse and the CAP.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information:	Keywords: Nerve impulse, Physiological Action potential, Soliton, Action potential pulse Computational action potential.10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Uncontrolled Keywords:	nerve impulse, physiological action potential, soliton, action potential pulse computational action potential
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	27 Jul 2022 14:39
Last Modified:	15 Mar 2024 11:52
DOI:	10.1089/bioe.2021.0001
Open Access URL:	https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.05538v1
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3159679