Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 inhibition and gout: Mendelian randomisation study



Zhao, Sizheng Steven ORCID: 0000-0002-3558-7353, Rajasundaram, Skanda, Karhunen, Ville, Alam, Uazman ORCID: 0000-0002-3190-1122 and Gill, Dipender
(2022) Sodium-glucose cotransporter 1 inhibition and gout: Mendelian randomisation study. SEMINARS IN ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM, 56. 152058-.

Access the full-text of this item by clicking on the Open Access link.

Abstract

<h4>Objective</h4>Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) reduce serum urate, but their efficacy depends on renal function which is often impaired in people with gout. SGLT1 is primarily expressed in the small intestine and its inhibition may be a more suitable therapeutic target. We aimed to investigate the association of genetically proxied SGLT1i with gout risk, serum urate levels and cardiovascular safety using Mendelian randomisation (MR).<h4>Methods</h4>Leveraging data from a genome-wide association study of 344,182 individuals in the UK Biobank, we identified a missense variant in the SLC5A1 gene that associated with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) to proxy SGLT1i. Outcome genetic data comprised 13,179 gout cases and 750,634 controls, 457,690 individuals for serum urate levels, and up to 977,323 individuals for cardiovascular safety outcomes. We applied the Wald ratio method and investigated potential genetic confounding using colocalization.<h4>Results</h4>The rs17683430 missense variant was selected to instrument SGLT1i. Genetically proxied SGLT1i was associated with 75% reduction in gout risk (OR 0.25; 95%CI 0.06, 0.99; p = 0.048) and 32.0 μmol/L reduction in serum urate (95%CI -56.7, -7.3; p = 0.01), per 6.7 mmol/mol reduction in HbA1c. SGLT1i was associated with increased levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.37 mmol/L; 95%CI 0.17, 0.56; p = 0.0002) but not risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, or chronic kidney disease. Colocalization did not suggest that results are attributable to genetic confounding.<h4>Conclusion</h4>SGLT1 inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic option for preventing gout in people with or without comorbid diabetes. Randomised trials are needed to formally investigate efficacy and safety.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Sodium -glucose cotransporter, Gout, Urate, Cholesterol, SGLT1, Glycated haemoglobin, Diabetes
Divisions: Faculty of Health and Life Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences
Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Clinical Directorate
Depositing User: Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited: 31 Oct 2022 15:50
Last Modified: 18 Jan 2023 19:48
DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152058
Open Access URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semarthrit.2022.152058
Related URLs:
URI: https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3165904