Phoksawat, Wisitsak, Nithichanon, Arnone, Lerdsamran, Hatairat, Wongratanacheewin, Surasakdi, Meesing, Atibordee, Pipattanaboon, Chonlatip, Kanthawong, Sakawrat, Aromseree, Sirinart, Yordpratum, Umaporn, Laohaviroj, Marut et al (show 13 more authors)
(2022)
Phenotypic and functional changes of T cell subsets after CoronaVac vaccination.
VACCINE, 40 (48).
pp. 6963-6970.
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Abstract
<h4>Background</h4>The pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major global public health concern and several protective vaccines, or preventive/therapeutic approaches have been developed. Sinovac-CoronaVac, an inactivated whole virus vaccine, can protect against severe COVID-19 disease and hospitalization, but less is known whether it elicits long-term T cell responses and provides prolonged protection.<h4>Methods</h4>This is a longitudinal surveillance study of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD)-specific IgG levels, neutralizing antibody levels (NAb), T cell subsets and activation, and memory B cells of 335 participants who received two doses of CoronaVac. SARS-CoV-2 RBD-specific IgG levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while NAb were measured against two strains of SARS-CoV-2, the Wuhan and Delta variants. Activated T cells and subsets were identified by flow cytometry. Memory B and T cells were evaluated by enzyme-linked immune absorbent spot (ELISpot).<h4>Findings</h4>Two doses of CoronaVac elicited serum anti-RBD antibody response, elevated B cells with NAb capacity and CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell-, but not CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell-responses. Among the CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, CoronaVac activated mainly Th2 (CD4<sup>+</sup> T) cells. Serum antibody levels significantly declined three months after the second dose.<h4>Interpretation</h4>CoronaVac mainly activated B cells but T cells, especially Th1 cells, were poorly activated. Activated T cells were mainly Th2 biased, demonstrating development of effector B cells but not long-lasting memory plasma cells. Taken together, these results suggest that protection with CoronaVac is short-lived and that a third booster dose of vaccine may improve protection.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Antibody, CoranaVac, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, T cell subsets, Vaccine |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jan 2023 08:40 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2023 01:30 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.017 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3167775 |
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