Adolescent Neurodevelopment and Psychopathology: The Interplay between Adversity Exposure and Genetic Risk for Accelerated Brain Ageing

Petrican, Raluca ORCID: 0000-0002-1363-5553 and Fornito, Alex (2023) Adolescent Neurodevelopment and Psychopathology: The Interplay between Adversity Exposure and Genetic Risk for Accelerated Brain Ageing. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 60. p. 101229.

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Abstract

In adulthood, stress exposure and genetic risk heighten psychological vulnerability by accelerating neurobiological senescence. To investigate whether molecular and brain network maturation processes play a similar role in adolescence, we analysed genetic, as well as longitudinal task neuroimaging (inhibitory control, incentive processing) and early life adversity (i.e., material deprivation, violence) data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study (N = 980, age range: 9-13 years). Genetic risk was estimated separately for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD), two pathologies linked to stress exposure and allegedly sharing a causal connection (MDD-to-AD). Adversity and genetic risk for MDD/AD jointly predicted functional network segregation patterns suggestive of accelerated (GABA-linked) visual/attentional, but delayed (dopamine [D2]/glutamate [GLU5R]-linked) somatomotor/association system development. A positive relationship between brain maturation and psychopathology emerged only among the less vulnerable adolescents, thereby implying that normatively maladaptive neurodevelopmental alterations could foster adjustment among the more exposed and genetically more stress susceptible youths. Transcriptomic analyses suggested that sensitivity to stress may underpin the joint neurodevelopmental effect of adversity and genetic risk for MDD/AD, in line with the proposed role of negative emotionality as a precursor to AD, likely to account for the alleged causal impact of MDD on dementia onset.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Stress Susceptibility, Psychopathology, Major Depressive Disorder, Alzheimer ?s Disease, Adolescent Development, Transcriptomics
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Population Health
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	20 Mar 2023 09:12
Last Modified:	20 May 2023 20:25
DOI:	10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101229
Open Access URL:	http://10.0.3.248/j.dcn.2023.101229
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3169164