Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma

Johnson, Philip ORCID: 0000-0003-1404-0209, Zhou, Qing, Dao, Doan Y and Lo, YM Dennis (2022) Circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and management of hepatocellular carcinoma. NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY, 19 (10). pp. 670-681.

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Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41575-022-00620-y

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and lethal causes of cancer-related death worldwide. The treatment of HCC remains challenging and is largely predicated on early diagnosis. Surveillance of high-risk groups using abdominal ultrasonography, with or without serum analysis of α-fetoprotein (AFP), can permit detection of early, potentially curable tumours, but is limited by its insensitivity. Reviewed here are two current approaches that aim to address this limitation. The first is to use old re-emerged empirically derived biomarkers such as AFP, now applied within statistical models. The second is to use circulating nucleic acid biomarkers, which include cell-free DNA (for example, circulating tumour DNA, cell-free mitochondrial DNA and cell-free viral DNA) and cell-free RNA, applying modern molecular biology-based technologies and machine learning techniques closely allied to the underlying biology of cancer. Taken together, these approaches are likely to be complementary. Both hold considerable promise for achieving earlier diagnosis as well as offering additional functionalities including improved monitoring of therapy and prediction of response thereto.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Humans, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Liver Neoplasms, alpha-Fetoproteins, DNA, Mitochondrial, DNA, Viral, Early Detection of Cancer, Biomarkers, Biomarkers, Tumor, Circulating Tumor DNA
Divisions:	Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology
Depositing User:	Symplectic Admin
Date Deposited:	10 Aug 2023 15:08
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2023 12:19
DOI:	10.1038/s41575-022-00620-y
Related URLs:	Author Publisher
URI:	https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3171836