Preston, Frank G 
ORCID: 0000-0002-3953-331X, Sultan, Ziyaad, Hsuan, James, Hamill, Kevin J ORCID: 0000-0002-7852-1944 and McCormick, Austin G
(2024)
Determining the Degree of Perceptible Static Eyelid Asymmetry and Effect of Face Inversion: A Cross-sectional Pilot Study.
Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery.
Abstract
<h4>Purpose</h4>To determine the degree of static eyelid asymmetry required to be perceptible and whether this is affected by image inversion.<h4>Methods</h4>Images of 3 volunteers were digitally manipulated to have eyelid asymmetry of 0.5 mm, 1 mm, or 1.5 mm of 3 different types, upper lid ptosis, upper lid retraction, and lower lid retraction. Forty-nine laypersons stated whether the images were symmetrical or asymmetrical. A separate inversion survey, completed by 29 clinicians, consisted of symmetrical images and 1 mm asymmetrical images, with half being inverted.<h4>Results</h4>Upper lid ptosis, upper lid retraction, and lower lid retraction were not detected by most laypeople at 0.5 mm of severity (18.9%, 6.7%, 18.9% detection, respectively) but all 3 were detected by the majority of participants once asymmetry reached 1 mm severity (65.7%, 61.8%, 51.0% detection, respectively) and rose to over 70% identification at 1.5 mm (92.2%, 73.5%, 73.5% detection, respectively). Inversion of the images led to 19.7% lower rates of correct identification of asymmetrical faces compared with images presented in the correct orientation (80.7% asymmetry identified in normal images, 61.0% inverted, p < 0.001).<h4>Conclusions</h4>All asymmetries were detectable by a majority of laypersons at a severity of 1 mm. Image inversion decreases a clinician's ability to detect a 1 mm asymmetry, indicating an impaired asymmetry perception in the intraoperative view. This study provides research to counsel patients with varying degrees of eyelid asymmetry.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Clinical Research |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Life Courses and Medical Sciences > School of Medicine |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Mar 2024 08:10 |
| Last Modified: | 15 Mar 2024 04:23 |
| DOI: | 10.1097/iop.0000000000002650 |
| Open Access URL: | https://journals.lww.com/op-rs/fulltext/9900/deter... |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3179382 |
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