Makoni, Grace Makanaka 
ORCID: 0009-0006-5709-4724, Gerspach, Christian, Fischer, Nina, Rosato, Giuliana ORCID: 0009-0005-2302-558X, Fabian, Rosalie, Grest, Paula and Kipar, Anja ORCID: 0000-0001-7289-3459
(2024)
Malignant catarrhal fever in a goat: manifestation of virus-induced erythema multiforme.
Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc, 36 (2).
pp. 243-247.
Abstract
Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), caused by ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV2; <i>Orthoherpesviridae</i>, <i>Macavirus ovinegamma2</i>), has sheep as natural hosts. OvHV2 is an important macavirus globally that induces fatal disease in dead-end hosts. Goats, which can be infected subclinically with OvHV2, rarely develop MCF. A 28-wk-old female goat was presented with fever and multifocal crusty skin lesions. Histologic examination of a skin biopsy suggested erythema multiforme (EM), with pyoderma and dermal vasculitis. The doe was euthanized and subjected to postmortem and histologic examination. MCF was suspected and PCR assays for macaviruses were performed, followed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for OvHV2 latency-associated nuclear antigen (oLANA), RNA in situ hybridization for Ov2.5 mRNA, and IHC to characterize infiltrating leukocytes. The main postmortem finding was severe multifocal ulcerative dermatitis with macrophage- and T cell-mediated arteritis. The latter was also detected in kidney, spleen, heart, and intestinal wall. The PCR assay detected high loads of OvHV2 in tissues. OvHV2 oLANA and Ov2.5 mRNA were expressed within the lesions in leukocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and/or keratinocytes. Our case confirms that MCF can initially manifest clinically as a skin disease in goats and as EM with confirmed viral etiology.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Endothelial Cells, Animals, Cattle, Goats, Sheep, Gammaherpesvirinae, Malignant Catarrh, Erythema Multiforme, Cattle Diseases, Goat Diseases, Sheep Diseases, RNA, Messenger, Female |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Faculty of Health and Life Sciences > Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Symplectic Admin |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Mar 2024 11:04 |
| Last Modified: | 26 Mar 2024 15:30 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/10406387231224906 |
| Open Access URL: | https://doi.org/10.1177/10406387231224906 |
| Related URLs: | |
| URI: | https://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/id/eprint/3179969 |
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